Obesity is often thought to occur due to overeating and lack of exercise. However, the reality is not as simple. Obesity can result from various causes, and understanding them is crucial. In this post, we'll delve into secondary obesity, a commonly overlooked aspect of obesity.
Primary Obesity vs. Secondary Obesity
The majority of obesity cases arise from situations where energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, known as primary obesity. In contrast, about 10% of cases result from secondary obesity, which is influenced by conditions such as illness or medication.
Various Factors Contributing to Primary Obesity
Primary obesity is influenced by a range of factors beyond just diet and exercise habits, including age, race, genetic factors, socioeconomic status, and changes in neuroendocrine function. While overconsumption of high-calorie foods and lack of exercise are well-known factors, other influences may also play a role.
Causes of Secondary Obesity
Secondary obesity primarily arises from illnesses or medications. These conditions may include genetic or congenital abnormalities, endocrine disorders, psychiatric conditions, among others. For example, in children, certain congenital abnormalities can lead to obesity, which may be associated with developmental delays or short stature. In adults, medications for psychiatric conditions, antiepileptic drugs, steroids, diabetes medications, among others, may induce obesity. Additionally, endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as brain trauma or tumors, and brain tumor surgery, may also lead to obesity.
The Importance of Accurate Evaluation
Identifying the cause of secondary obesity can be challenging. Therefore, it's essential to seek medical evaluation for an accurate diagnosis. Through tests such as hormone assays, an accurate diagnosis can be obtained, leading to appropriate treatment.
Importance of Obesity Management
While dietary and exercise adjustments form the basis of obesity improvement, addressing the underlying cause, as in the case of secondary obesity, is crucial. Understanding that obesity can be triggered by various factors underscores the need for appropriate management.
Obesity cannot be solely attributed to diet and exercise habits. Various factors can influence obesity, necessitating a comprehensive understanding. Giving adequate attention to secondary obesity and managing it through accurate evaluation and appropriate treatment is essential for effective obesity management.
