Ultra-processed foods refer to heavily processed and transformed foods containing additives such as preservatives and colorings. These convenient and highly addictive foods are commonly found in snacks, beverages, and fast food. Recent studies suggest that excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods may increase the risk of upper digestive tract cancers, affecting the mouth, throat, and esophagus.
A research team from the International Agency for Research on Cancer at the University of Bristol in the UK conducted a study tracking the diets and lifestyles of 451,111 adults for approximately 14 years. The analysis aimed to uncover the association between ultra-processed foods and 34 types of cancers. The findings revealed that a 10% increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods correlated with a 23% higher risk of head and neck cancers and a 24% higher risk of esophageal cancer.
An interesting aspect of this study was the lower association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and an increase in body fat with the onset of upper digestive tract cancers. While previous research linked increased body fat to an elevated risk of cancer, this study presented different results. The researchers concluded that focusing on weight loss treatments such as semaglutide might not significantly contribute to cancer prevention.
The team analyzed that factors other than increased body fat and obesity could elevate the risk of cancer. Additives like emulsifiers and artificial sweeteners found in ultra-processed foods, along with contaminants encountered in the food packaging and manufacturing process, were identified as additional contributors to the risk of cancer. The research team plans to conduct long-term dietary tracking studies considering modern eating habits to establish a more precise cause-and-effect relationship.
With the confirmation from this study regarding the elevated risk of cancer associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods, there is a crucial need to focus on transitioning to a healthier diet. Emphasizing a diet rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and legumes emerged as a key conclusion for cancer prevention.
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