Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Group 1 carcinogen, carrying the risk of increasing the incidence of gastric cancer. This bacterium induces gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers, with approximately 50% of the population in South Korea being infected, making it a significant public health issue.
Transmission Routes and Issues
Helicobacter pylori inhabits the human gastric mucosa and is primarily transmitted through feces, reflux of gastric juice, and saliva. Especially in Korean dietary culture where sharing food is common, transmission among family members or colleagues can easily occur. Such infections often progress asymptomatically, making it difficult to ascertain infection before symptoms manifest.
High-Risk Groups and the Importance of Testing
Helicobacter pylori infection can increase the risk of gastric cancer, with certain patient groups facing even higher risks. These include patients with a history of gastric ulcers or early gastric cancer, as well as those with a family history of gastric cancer. Therefore, such high-risk groups should undergo regular testing to identify infections and take appropriate measures.
The Importance of Tailored Eradication Therapy
Eradication therapy is a key treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. While standard triple therapy was primarily used in the past, tailored therapy is now recommended, considering antibiotic resistance. Through resistance testing, antibiotic resistance is confirmed, and standard therapy is administered in cases of non-resistance, while alternative treatment regimens including other antibiotics are adopted in cases of resistance.
Personal Hygiene and Prevention
Even with eradication therapy, recurrence of Helicobacter pylori is possible, emphasizing the importance of personal hygiene. Using individual dishes when sharing food and maintaining habits such as washing hands thoroughly before and after meals can prevent infection.
The Importance of Helicobacter pylori Management
Helicobacter pylori is a dangerous bacterium that increases the risk of gastric cancer. Therefore, awareness and management are crucial. High-risk groups can reduce their risks through regular testing and tailored treatments. Additionally, strict personal hygiene is vital for preventing infection. Managing Helicobacter pylori is an essential task for our health.
